Criminal Law
Criminal law is the branch of law that regulates the punitive power of the State, establishing the crimes, penalties and security measures applicable to those who violate legal norms.
Objective of criminal law
Criminal law regulates the rules that define crimes and the corresponding sanctions, with the purpose of protecting security, public order and the fundamental rights of individuals. Its main objective is to prevent conduct that is harmful to society, punish those who commit it, and compensate, to the extent possible, the victims.
The main aspects covered by criminal law include:
- Crimes: Defines conduct that is considered unlawful, such as theft, homicide, fraud, among others.
- Sanctions: Establishes the punishments or penalties for those who violate the rules (imprisonment, fines, community service, etc.).
- Criminal liability: Regulates the circumstances that determine whether a person can be considered guilty, such as willful misconduct, recklessness or state of necessity.
- Criminal procedure: Rules governing the investigation, trial and execution of sentences.
- Preventive measures: Seeks to avoid recidivism and promote the reintegration of convicted persons into society.
Characteristics of criminal law
Criminal law is a branch of public law that regulates conducts considered crimes and establishes the corresponding sanctions. Its main characteristics are:
Áreas de aplicación donde podemos encontrar el derecho penal
La marca IUDEX.LEX nace hace aproximadamete 10 años con su fundador el Licenciado en Derecho Longinos Mecalco Vega. Debido al esfuerzo del día a día y el trabajo obtenido satisfactoriamente con sus clientes, la firma no tiene publicidad y solo se trabaja con recomendaciones de los mismos usuarios y clientes de la firma.
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It is the branch of law that regulates crimes and establishes penalties and corrective measures. Its purpose is to protect essential legal rights and maintain social order.
The main sources are:
Criminal law (criminal codes and special laws).
Case law (interpretations by higher courts).
Legal doctrine (opinions of jurists and academics).
General principles of law (such as legality and proportionality).
- Principle of legality: There is no crime or punishment without a prior law.
- Principle of culpability: Only those who have acted with intent or negligence are punished.
- Principle of proportionality: The punishment must be appropriate to the crime committed.
- Principle of presumption of innocence: Everyone is innocent until proven guilty.
- Crime: Serious conduct punishable by severe penalties (imprisonment, heavy fines).
- Misdemeanor (in some systems): Less serious conduct with minor penalties.
- Offense: Conduct punishable by administrative penalties (fines, suspensions).
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