Administrative Law
Administrative law is a branch of public law that regulates the organization, functioning, and activities of public administration.
Purpose of administrative law
Administrative law regulates relations between citizens and the public administration, as well as the internal functioning of the latter. Its purpose is to ensure that government activities are carried out in a legal, fair, and efficient manner, protecting the rights of individuals and promoting the public interest.
Some of the key aspects covered by administrative law are:
- Organization of public administration: Rules for the structure and functions of government bodies.
- Administrative acts: Regulates the decisions and actions of public authorities, ensuring their legality.
- Public services: Rules for the provision of essential services such as water, electricity, health, transportation, among others.
- Public contracts: Regulates tenders and contracts between the public administration and individuals or companies.
- Disciplinary regime: Rules for sanctioning public officials who fail to fulfill their duties.
- Expropriations: Procedures for the acquisition of private property by the State, guaranteeing respect for the rights of owners.
- Administrative control: Establishes supervision and monitoring mechanisms to ensure transparency and legality in government activities.
Characteristics of administrative law
Administrative law establishes mechanisms for supervision and control between individuals and government entities, guaranteeing equal treatment for all citizens.
Areas where we can find administrative law
Administrative law is the pillar that regulates the actions of the state and its various institutions, ensuring decisions are made with legality, transparency, and fairness. That is why we can find it in the following areas.
- Administrative acts: Validity, effects, and enforcement of decisions made by public authorities.
- State liability: Regulation of cases in which the State must compensate for damages caused by its activities.
- Public services: Organization, operation, and access to services such as education, health, transportation, and more.
- Public procurement: Rules for tenders, concessions, and contracts carried out by public administrations.
- Administrative sanctions: Imposition of fines or other measures for violations of administrative rules.
- Control of the legality of acts: Mechanisms for challenging illegal decisions by public authorities, such as contentious-administrative appeals.
- Urban planning and land use: Land use planning, building permits, and zoning.
- Environment: Protection of natural resources and regulation of activities that may harm them.
- Administrative organization: Structure, powers, and functioning of government entities.
- Transparency and access to information: Regulation of the right of citizens to know about the actions of the public administration.
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Frequently asked questions about administrative law
It is the branch of law that regulates the organization, operation and activities of public administrations, as well as their relationship with citizens.
It is a decision or declaration issued by an administrative authority in the exercise of its functions, with the purpose of creating, modifying or extinguishing rights or obligations.
You can challenge it by filing an administrative appeal (such as a motion for reconsideration or appeal) before the same authority that issued it or a higher one, or by filing a lawsuit before the contentious-administrative courts, depending on the case and the applicable legislation.
It is the principle that obliges public administrations to always act in accordance with the laws and regulations in force, ensuring that their actions are legitimate and transparent.
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